Emissions calculator: fuels and grid electricity
Enter what a site used in a month or a year. The calculator multiplies each quantity by a published factor and shows the factor, its source and the arithmetic, so the result can be checked line by line.
- IPCC 2006 default factors, AR5 or AR6
- CEA grid factor, FY 2025-26 and earlier years
- Every factor and step shown
- Nothing you enter is stored
Result
Enter a quantity on the left. The result appears here with the factor and the arithmetic behind each line.
The method, and the factors used
Emissions = quantity × emission factor. The factors below are the ones the calculator applies for the settings chosen; each is a row of ESGTrack's bundled library, with the source table it came from.
| Activity | Factor | Basis | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diesel (generators, boilers) | 2.6853 kg CO₂e per litre | Stationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per litre (density 0.84 kg/L assumed) · Derived with the IPCC default NCV and an assumed density of 0.84 kg/L (not an IPCC value) · CO₂ 2.6765, CH₄ 0.000108, N₂O 0.000022 kg per litre; AR5 GWPs | IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2, Vol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4 |
| Furnace oil | 3.074 kg CO₂e per litre | Stationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per litre (density 0.98 kg/L assumed) · Derived with the IPCC default NCV and an assumed density of 0.98 kg/L (not an IPCC value) · CO₂ 3.0644, CH₄ 0.000119, N₂O 0.000024 kg per litre; AR5 GWPs | IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2, Vol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4 |
| Kerosene | 2.5279 kg CO₂e per litre | Stationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per litre (density 0.8 kg/L assumed) · Derived with the IPCC default NCV and an assumed density of 0.8 kg/L (not an IPCC value) · CO₂ 2.5194, CH₄ 0.000105, N₂O 0.000021 kg per litre; AR5 GWPs | IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2, Vol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4 |
| LPG | 2.9961 kg CO₂e per kg | Stationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per kg (default NCV 47.3 TJ/Gg) · Derived with the IPCC default NCV · CO₂ 2.9846, CH₄ 0.000142, N₂O 0.000028 kg per kg; AR5 GWPs | IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2, Vol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4 |
| Natural gas | 56.1545 kg CO₂e per GJ | Stationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per GJ (NCV) · CO₂ 56.1, CH₄ 0.001, N₂O 0.0001 kg per GJ; AR5 GWPs | IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2, Vol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.3 |
| Coal (other bituminous), by energy | 95.2775 kg CO₂e per GJ | Stationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per GJ (NCV) · CO₂ 94.6, CH₄ 0.01, N₂O 0.0015 kg per GJ; AR5 GWPs | IPCC 2006 Guidelines, Volume 2, Vol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.3 |
| Grid electricity, India | 0.675099 kg CO₂ per kWh | Weighted average emission factor including renewables and cross-border transfers, FY 2025-26 · CO₂ only · location-based | CEA, CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power Sector, version 22.0 (August 2026) |
How a line is worked out
Diesel: 2,200 litres × 0.84 kg per litre = 1,848 kg; × 43.0 GJ per tonne (net calorific value) = 79.46 GJ; × 74.1 kg CO₂ per GJ = 5,888 kg CO₂, plus methane and nitrous oxide at their AR5 potentials = 5,908 kg CO₂e, or 2.685 kg CO₂e per litre. The calculator applies that per-litre factor directly. The worked example is in How to calculate emissions from activity data.
Grid electricity: 120,000 kWh × 0.675 kg CO₂ per kWh = 81.0 tCO₂ for FY 2025-26.
What this tool does not do
- It does not cover vehicles, process emissions, refrigerant leaks, purchased steam or cooling, market-based Scope 2 or any Scope 3 category.
- It uses IPCC default calorific values and densities. A measured calorific value, a supplier's factor or a different year may be more accurate for your fuel — record what you use and why.
- The CEA factor is for CO₂ only and is published months after the financial year ends; your methodology decides whether to recalculate when a new year appears.
- It does not keep anything: for figures that must be evidenced, approved and filed, use the carbon accounting workspace.
Sources
- 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 2, Chapter 2: Stationary Combustion — IPCC, 2006
- 2006 IPCC Guidelines, Volume 2, Chapter 1: Introduction (default net calorific values, Table 1.2) — IPCC, 2006
- CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power Sector, version 22.0, with its user guide — Central Electricity Authority, Government of India, August 2026
- Global Warming Potential Values, version 2.0 — GHG Protocol, August 2024
Questions about the calculator
Which factors does the calculator use?
Fuels use the IPCC 2006 Guidelines' default emission factors for stationary combustion (Volume 2, Chapter 2, Tables 2.3 and 2.4), converted to litres and kilograms with the IPCC default net calorific values and the densities shown, and expressed as CO₂e with AR5 or AR6 global warming potentials. Grid electricity uses the Central Electricity Authority's CO2 Baseline Database, version 22.0: the weighted average emission factor including renewables and cross-border transfers, for the financial year you choose.
Why is grid electricity CO₂ only?
The CEA publishes a CO₂ factor, not a CO₂e factor. Adding it to CO₂e fuel figures is normal practice in a GHG inventory, but the inventory should say so.
Why can the same litre of diesel give two slightly different results?
The IPCC gives separate methane and nitrous oxide factors for manufacturing and construction (Table 2.3) and for commercial and institutional combustion (Table 2.4), and AR5 and AR6 weight those gases differently. For diesel the difference is well under one per cent, because almost all of the result is CO₂.
Does this give me my Scope 1 and Scope 2?
It gives the emissions from the fuels and electricity you enter. A complete Scope 1 also covers vehicles, process emissions and refrigerant leaks; a complete Scope 2 covers purchased steam, heat and cooling and the market-based figure. Your inventory's methodology decides the boundary, the factors and the year.
More free tools
- Emission factor finderSearch the factors bundled with ESGTrack — IPCC, CEA, US EPA, Our World in Data — with their source and basis
- BRSR readiness checklistWhat to have in place before your BRSR, a BRSR Core assessment or assurance, and the XBRL filing
- Monthly ESG data templateA spreadsheet for fuel, electricity, water, waste and safety by site and month, with Scope 1 and 2 worked out
- Framework mapping explorerSee where a BRSR Core figure is asked for in GRI, IFRS S2, ESRS, CDP and SASB — and how closely it matches
- ESG reporting glossaryPlain explanations of the terms in BRSR, carbon accounting and assurance
The same calculation, with evidence and approvals
In ESGTrack the fuel log is reconciled with stock, the factor is chosen by date, the result is approved and the bill is attached — ready for assurance.