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Emission factor finder

Look up a published emission factor by what it is for — diesel, grid electricity in India or another country, cement, business travel — and see its gases, basis and the table it came from.

  • 10,277 factors from 7 public sources
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56 factors for “natural gas”

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ActivityDetailRegion · yearFactorGasesSource · reference
Natural gas (India)FuelsDerived per unit from CEA assumptionsDerived: 49.4 g CO2/MJ (GCV, oxidised) × GCV 8,800 kcal/m3 (row 21)India · 20261.8201 kg CO₂e per m3CO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 1.8201CEA CO2 Baseline Database v22.0Assumptions rows 11, 21–22
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Energy industries (Table 2.2) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.1545 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.001 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.2
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Energy industries (Table 2.2) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.6954 kg CO₂e per kgAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.000048 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Energy industries (Table 2.2) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.1571 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.001 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.2
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Energy industries (Table 2.2) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.6955 kg CO₂e per kgAR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.000048 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.1545 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.001 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.3
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.6954 kg CO₂e per kgAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.000048 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.1571 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.001 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.3
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Manufacturing industries and construction (Table 2.3) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.6955 kg CO₂e per kgAR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.000048 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Commercial and institutional (Table 2.4) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.2665 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.005 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Commercial and institutional (Table 2.4) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.7008 kg CO₂e per kgAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.00024 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Commercial and institutional (Table 2.4) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.2763 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.005 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Commercial and institutional (Table 2.4) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.7013 kg CO₂e per kgAR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.00024 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Residential (Table 2.5) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.2665 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.005 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.5
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Residential (Table 2.5) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.7008 kg CO₂e per kgAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.00024 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Residential (Table 2.5) · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200656.2763 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.005 · N₂O 0.0001IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Table 1.4; Ch 2 Table 2.5
Natural gasFuelsStationary · Residential (Table 2.5) · per kg (default NCV 48.0 TJ/Gg)Derived with the IPCC default NCVIPCC default · 20062.7013 kg CO₂e per kgAR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 2.6928 · CH₄ 0.00024 · N₂O 0.000005IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 1 Tables 1.2 and 1.4
Natural gas (CNG)Transport fuelsRoad transport · All · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200659.471 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.092 · N₂O 0.003IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 3 Tables 3.2.1 and 3.2.2
Natural gas (CNG)Transport fuelsRoad transport · All · per GJ (NCV)IPCC default · 200659.6606 kg CO₂e per GJ (NCV)AR6 · Scope 1CO₂ 56.1 · CH₄ 0.092 · N₂O 0.003IPCC 2006 GuidelinesVol 2 Ch 3 Tables 3.2.1 and 3.2.2
Natural gasFuelsStationary combustion · Natural gasUnited States · 20250.054495 kg CO₂e per scfAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 0.05444 · CH₄ 0.000001 · N₂O 0US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 1 (heat content 0.001026 mmBtu/scf)
Natural gasFuelsStationary combustion · Natural gas · per energy (HHV)United States · 202553.1145 kg CO₂e per mmBtuAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 53.06 · CH₄ 0.001 · N₂O 0.0001US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 1
Natural gasolineFuelsStationary combustion · Petroleum productsUnited States · 20257.3878 kg CO₂e per gallonAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 7.36 · CH₄ 0.00033 · N₂O 0.00007US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 1 (heat content 0.11 mmBtu/gallon)
Natural gasolineFuelsStationary combustion · Petroleum products · per energy (HHV)United States · 202567.123 kg CO₂e per mmBtuAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 66.88 · CH₄ 0.003 · N₂O 0.0006US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 1
Purchased steam and heatSteam and heatNatural gas at 80% thermal efficiencyUnited States · 202566.3981 kg CO₂e per mmBtuAR5 · Scope 2CO₂ 66.33 · CH₄ 0.00125 · N₂O 0.000125US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 7
Compressed natural gas (CNG)Transport fuelsMobile combustion CO2 (CH4/N2O depend on vehicle — Tables 3–5)Tank-to-wheelUnited States · 20250.05444 kg CO₂e per scfAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 0.05444US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 2
Liquefied natural gas (LNG)Transport fuelsMobile combustion CO2 (CH4/N2O depend on vehicle — Tables 3–5)Tank-to-wheelUnited States · 20254.5 kg CO₂e per gallonAR5 · Scope 1CO₂ 4.5US EPA Emission Factors Hub 2025Table 2
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr a · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr a · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr b · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr b · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr w nh3 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr w nh3 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c1 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c1 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c1 · feedstocktype: natural gas co2 · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c1 · feedstocktype: natural gas co2 · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c2 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c2 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c3 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c3 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c4 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200664.4 kg CO₂e per tonneAR5 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c4 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CH4 per tonneIPCC range 0.00161–0.00299 t/tIPCC default · 200668.54 kg CO₂e per tonneAR6 · Scope 1 · CH₄ 2.3IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.76 Eq 3.16
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr a · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.469–0.871 t/tIPCC default · 2006670 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 670IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr b · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.348–0.646 t/tIPCC default · 2006497 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 497IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr w nh3 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.714–1.326 t/tIPCC default · 20061,020 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 1,020IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c1 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.2695–0.5005 t/tIPCC default · 2006385 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 385IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c1 natural gas · feedstocktype: co2 · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.1869–0.3471 t/tIPCC default · 2006267 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 267IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c2 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.1869–0.3471 t/tIPCC default · 2006267 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 267IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c3 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.2772–0.5148 t/tIPCC default · 2006396 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 396IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15
Petrochemical productionIndustrial processes — chemicalproduct: methanol · activity: csr c4 · feedstocktype: natural gas · CO2 per tonneIPCC range 0.217–0.403 t/tIPCC default · 2006310 kg CO₂e per tonneCO2 only · Scope 1CO₂ 310IPCC 2006 Guidelines and 2019 RefinementIPCC 2006 Vol 3 Ch 3 p.3.65 Eq 3.15

The sources in the library

Each source is loaded from the publisher's own files, with its edition and licence recorded. ESGTrack watches each publisher's page for a new edition.

SourcePublisherEditionFactorsBasisLicence
CO2 Baseline Database for the Indian Power SectorCentral Electricity Authority, Government of India · publisher page22.0 · 2026-08-01123CO2 onlyGovernment of India publication — free to use with attribution
GHG Emission Factors HubU.S. Environmental Protection Agency · publisher page2025 · 2025-01-15438AR5 (waste: AR4)U.S. Government work — public domain
2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 2: EnergyIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change · publisher page2006 (default factors) · 2006-04-01386AR5 and AR6 variantsIPCC — reproduced with attribution for inventory use
CO2 Baseline Database v22.0 — power-station dataCentral Electricity Authority, Government of India · publisher page22.0 · 2026-08-011,262CO2 onlyGovernment of India publication — free to use with attribution
Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors v1.3 (NAICS-6, spend-based)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency · publisher page1.3.0 · 2024-07-10985AR5U.S. Government work — public domain
Carbon intensity of electricity generation, by countryOur World in Data (Ember, Energy Institute) · publisher page2026 release · 2026-01-012,191Lifecycle (Ember)CC BY 4.0 — Our World in Data, based on Ember and the Energy Institute
2006 IPCC Guidelines and 2019 Refinement — industrial processes, waste and agriculture defaultsIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change · publisher page2006 / 2019 (Tier 1 defaults) · 2019-05-014,892AR5 and AR6 variantsIPCC — reproduced with attribution; machine-readable values from bonsai-ipcc (MIT)

Not shown here: India Specific Road Transport Emission Factors (India GHG Program (WRI India, CII, TERI)), its publisher asks that its terms be checked before the values are republished. It is available inside the product.

How to read a factor

A factor only means something with its basis: the unit (per litre, per kilogram, per GJ on a net calorific value basis, per kWh), the gases it covers, the global warming potentials used to combine them, the region and the year. Two factors for "diesel" can legitimately differ by a few per cent because of the calorific value or density assumed. Record which one you used, and keep its reference.

For grid electricity in India, prefer the CEA's weighted average for the activity year if it is published before you report; otherwise the latest available, and say which. The Our World in Data figures are lifecycle intensities, useful for countries without a national factor but not a like-for-like substitute for one.

What this tool does not do

  • It shows bundled public sources only — not factors imported on an installation, not a company's private library, and not supplier-specific factors.
  • It does not choose a factor for you, convert units, or apply your fuel's measured calorific value — the product does those, with the decision recorded.
  • Publishers update their editions; the edition shown here is the one bundled, with its date.

Questions about the factor finder

Which sources are included?

The public sources bundled with ESGTrack: the IPCC 2006 Guidelines and the 2019 Refinement, the Central Electricity Authority's CO2 Baseline Database version 22.0 — both the grid averages and the power-station rates — the US EPA's GHG Emission Factors Hub (2025) and Supply Chain GHG Emission Factors v1.3, and Our World in Data's grid intensities for 212 countries. The India GHG Program's road transport factors are in the product but not shown here, because the programme asks that its terms are checked before its values are republished.

What do the columns mean?

CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O are kilograms of each gas per unit of activity; CO₂e combines them with the global warming potentials named in the GWP column (AR4, AR5, AR6, or "CO₂ only" where the publisher gives only carbon dioxide). The scope column is a hint about where the factor usually belongs; the reference is the publisher's table, so you can check the value at source.

Can I use these factors in my inventory?

They are published values, reproduced with their sources. Whether one fits your activity — the fuel, its calorific value, the year, the country, the basis — is a methodological decision for your inventory, which should record the factor used and why.

Factors chosen by date, with the decision recorded

ESGTrack applies the factor in force for each month, keeps your own site and company factors first, converts units, and logs every change with its source.